There was widespread reaction against Victorian imperialism, highlighted by the incompetent management of the Boer War. His poems and stories were based on values that were perceived as outdated. By 1910, however, Kipling’s appeal was waning. Having refused the position of Poet Laureate, which was offered in 1895, he did accept the Nobel Prize for Literature, becoming the first English author to be so honoured. The following year, having settled in Sussex, he published ‘Just So Stories’, a book he had planned to write for Josephine. Nonetheless, in 1901 he completed ‘Kim’, often considered to be his best work.
Kipling once again returned to England in 1896 and continued his writing career, although tragedy hit the family when his eldest daughter, Josephine, died in 1899. They travelled extensively in the following four years, including a spell living in America, and it was in this time most of his enduring work was written, not least ‘The Jungle Book’ and ‘The Second Jungle Book’. In 1892 he married Caroline Balestier, an American. Returning to England in 1889, Kipling settled in London and continued to earn a living as a writer. ‘The Phantom Rickshaw’, ‘Soldiers Three’ and ‘Under the Deodars’ are amongst these early works. His reputation as a writer was established with stories of English life in India, published there in 1888/9. Kipling returned to India in 1882 to work as an assistant editor for the Civil and Military Gazette of Lahore. A life of misery at the former was described in his story 'Baa Baa Black Sheep', whilst Westward Ho was used as a basis for his questioning the public school ethic in 'Stalky and Co'.
Aged six, he was sent to England to be educated, firstly in Southsea, where he was cared for in a foster home, and later at Westward Ho, a United Services College in Devon. Author biography: Rudyard Kipling Rudyard Joseph Kipling was born in the then named Bombay, India on 30th December 1865.
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